Computational Modeling and Numerical Methods for Spatiotemporal Calcium Cycling in Ventricular Myocytes
نویسندگان
چکیده
Intracellular calcium (Ca) cycling dynamics in cardiac myocytes is regulated by a complex network of spatially distributed organelles, such as sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), mitochondria, and myofibrils. In this study, we present a mathematical model of intracellular Ca cycling and numerical and computational methods for computer simulations. The model consists of a coupled Ca release unit (CRU) network, which includes a SR domain and a myoplasm domain. Each CRU contains 10 L-type Ca channels and 100 ryanodine receptor channels, with individual channels simulated stochastically using a variant of Gillespie's method, modified here to handle time-dependent transition rates. Both the SR domain and the myoplasm domain in each CRU are modeled by 5 × 5 × 5 voxels to maintain proper Ca diffusion. Advanced numerical algorithms implemented on graphical processing units were used for fast computational simulations. For a myocyte containing 100 × 20 × 10 CRUs, a 1-s heart time simulation takes about 10 min of machine time on a single NVIDIA Tesla C2050. Examples of simulated Ca cycling dynamics, such as Ca sparks, Ca waves, and Ca alternans, are shown.
منابع مشابه
A localized meshless approach for modeling spatial-temporal calcium dynamics in ventricular myocytes.
Spatial–temporal calcium dynamics due to calcium release, buffering and re-uptaking plays a central role in studying excitation–contraction (E–C) coupling in both normal and diseased cardiac myocytes. In this paper, we employ a meshless method, namely, the local radial basis function collocation method (LRBFCM), to model such calcium behaviors by solving a nonlinear system of reaction–diffusion...
متن کاملIndeterminacy of spatiotemporal cardiac alternans.
Cardiac alternans, a beat-to-beat alternation in action potential duration (at the cellular level) or in electrocardiogram morphology (at the whole heart level), is a marker of ventricular fibrillation, a fatal heart rhythm that kills hundreds of thousands of people in the United States each year. Investigating cardiac alternans may lead to a better understanding of the mechanisms of cardiac ar...
متن کاملDynamical mechanism for subcellular alternans in cardiac myocytes.
RATIONALE Cardiac repolarization alternans is an arrhythmogenic rhythm disturbance, manifested in individual myocytes as a beat-to-beat alternation of action potential durations and intracellular calcium transient magnitudes. Recent experimental studies have reported "subcellular alternans," in which distinct regions of an individual cell are seen to have counterphase calcium alternations, but ...
متن کاملA rabbit ventricular action potential model replicating cardiac dynamics at rapid heart rates.
Mathematical modeling of the cardiac action potential has proven to be a powerful tool for illuminating various aspects of cardiac function, including cardiac arrhythmias. However, no currently available detailed action potential model accurately reproduces the dynamics of the cardiac action potential and intracellular calcium (Ca(i)) cycling at rapid heart rates relevant to ventricular tachyca...
متن کاملCardiovascular System Modeling
Mathematical models and numerical simulations of the cardiovascular system are very useful for understanding the mechanisms influencing its function and its physiological and pathological processes. This modeling research increases the potential for developing new diagnostic and therapeutic cardiovascular techniques or devices and is also helpful for pharmacological research [1]. The recent dev...
متن کامل